Willingness to Pay Carbon Offset Viewed from Individual, Organizational Factors and Public Perception of Carbon Offset: Study of Online Transportation Users in JABODETABEK - Indonesia

Silverius Y. Soeharso; Azis Yudi; Zulkifli

doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v12i03.em15

Abstract

To support the reduction of national CO2 levels, it is crucial to analyze the willingness to pay for carbon offsets as a consideration for carbon market policies in Indonesia. This study explores the willingness to pay for carbon offsets in the online transportation sector (Grab and Gojek) based on three factors (individual, organizational, and public). This study used a pragmatic sequential mixed method with 418 samples taken using a convenience sampling technique. The results are that pro-environmental behavior is a mediator variable between the individual and organizational levels on willingness to pay for carbon offsets. It is hoped that the results of this research can contribute to making policies related to carbon offset tariffs, which will technically be proposed by the Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, and the Indonesian Ministry of Finance will issue financial policies.

References

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[refR-5] N. Barber, P. J. Kuo, M. Bishop, dan R. Goodman, “Measuring psychographics to assess purchase intention and willingness to pay,” J. Consum. Mark., vol. 29, no. 4, hal. 280–292, 2012, doi: 10.1108/07363761211237353.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-23] P. Blau, Exchange and Power in Social Life, 1st Editio. 2017.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-24] E. Dowler, M. W. Bauer, J. M. Green, dan G. Gasperoni, “Assessing public perception: issues and methods Vaccine hesitancy in Africa View project,” no. January, 2006.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-25] J. P. Carlson, L. H. Vincent, D. M. Hardesty, dan W. O. Bearden, “Objective and subjective knowledge relationships: A quantitative analysis of consumer research findings,” J. Consum. Res., vol. 35, no. 5, hal. 864–876, 2009, doi: 10.1086/593688.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-27] L. M. PytlikZillig et al., “A longitudinal and experimental study of the impact of knowledge on the bases of institutional trust,” PLoS ONE, vol. 12, no. 4. 2017, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175387.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-28] F. L. Cook, L. R. Jacobs, dan D. Kim, “Trusting what you know: Information, knowledge, and confidence in social security,” J. Polit., vol. 72, no. 2, hal. 397–412, 2010, doi: 10.1017/S0022381610000034.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-29] S. Wiryono, “Data Pemprov DKI, Kendaraan Bermotor Jadi Masalah Utama Pencemaran Udara Jakarta,” 2021.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-30] F. Arlinkasari, R. Caninsti, dan P. F. Radyanti, “Akankah Masyarakat Yang Bahagia Menjaga Lingkungannya?,” J. Ecopsy, vol. 4, no. 2, hal. 64, 2017, doi: 10.20527/ecopsy.v4i2.3846.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-31] A. Herviantoro, “PENDIDIKAN BERBASIS KOMUNITAS ( Studi Deskriptif pada Pusat Kegiatan Belajar Masyarakat Bina Mandiri , Kelurahan Bukit Duri , Jakarta Selatan ) SKRIPSI,” 2009.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-32] E. Pouta dan M. Rekola, “The theory of planned behavior in predicting willingness to pay for abatement of forest regeneration,” Soc. Nat. Resour., vol. 14, no. 2, hal. 93–106, 2001, doi: 10.1080/089419201300000517.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-33] N. López-Mosquera, T. García, dan R. Barrena, “An extension of the Theory of Planned Behavior to predict willingness to pay for the conservation of an urban park,” J. Environ. Manage., vol. 135, hal. 91–99, 2014, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.01.019.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-34] L. R. Larson, R. C. Stedman, C. B. Cooper, dan D. J. Decker, “Understanding the multi-dimensional structure of pro-environmental behavior,” J. Environ. Psychol., vol. 43, hal. 112–124, 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2015.06.004.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-35] R. E. Dunlap, K. D. Van Liere, A. G. Mertig, dan R. E. Jones, “Measuring endorsement of the new ecological paradigm: A revised NEP scale,” J. Soc. Issues, vol. 56, no. 3, hal. 425–442, 2000, doi: 10.1111/0022-4537.00176.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-36] M. Kashif, S. Sarifuddin, dan A. Hassan, “Charity donation: Intentions and behavior,” Mark. Intell. Plan., vol. 33, no. 1, hal. 90–102, 2015, doi: 10.1108/MIP-07-2013-0110.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-37] M. Kashif, A. Zarkada, dan T. Ramayah, “The impact of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on managers’ intentions to behave ethically,” Total Qual. Manag. Bus. Excell., vol. 29, no. 5–6, hal. 481–501, 2018, doi: 10.1080/14783363.2016.1209970.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-38] B. Kidwell dan R. D. Jewell, “An Examination of Perceived Behavioral Control: Internal and External Influences on Intention,” Psychol. Mark., vol. 20, no. 7, hal. 625–642, 2003, doi: 10.1002/mar.10089.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-39] J. T. Lang dan W. K. Hallman, “Who does the public trust? The case of genetically modified food in the United States,” Risk Anal., vol. 25, no. 5, hal. 1241–1252, 2005, doi: 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00668.x.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-40] R. Nunkoo, H. Ramkissoon, dan D. Gursoy, “Public trust in tourism institutions,” Ann. Tour. Res., vol. 39, no. 3, hal. 1538–1564, 2012, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2012.04.004.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-41] R. O. Hartman, N. F. Dieckmann, A. M. Sprenger, B. J. Stastny, dan K. G. DeMarree, “Modeling Attitudes Toward Science: Development and Validation of the Credibility of Science Scale,” Basic Appl. Soc. Psych., vol. 39, no. 6, hal. 358–371, Nov 2017, doi: 10.1080/01973533.2017.1372284.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-42] M. Jafari Shalamzari, V. B. Sheikh, A. Saadodin, dan A. Abedi Sarvestani, “Public Perception and Acceptability toward Domestic Rainwater Harvesting in Golestan, Limits to Up-Scaling,” Ecopersia, vol. 4, no. 3, hal. 1437–1454, 2016, doi: 10.18869/modares.ecopersia.4.3.1437.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-43] L. M. DeChano, “A multi-country examination of the relationship between environmental knowledge and attitudes,” Int. Res. Geogr. Environ. Educ., vol. 15, no. 1, hal. 15–28, 2006, doi: 10.2167/irgee/184.0.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-44] R. Doran, D. Hanss, dan S. Larsen, “Attitudes, efficacy beliefs, and willingness to pay for environmental protection when travelling,” Tour. Hosp. Res., vol. 15, no. 4, hal. 281–292, 2015, doi: 10.1177/1467358415580360.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-45] H. de-G. Acquah dan E. E. Onumah, “Farmers Perception and Adaptation to Climate Change: An Estimation of Willingness to Pay,” Agris on-line Pap. Econ. Informatics, vol. 3, no. 4, hal. 31–39, 2011.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-46] R. Han dan Y. Cheng, “The influence of norm perception on pro-environmental behavior: A comparison between the moderating roles of traditional media and social media,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 19, hal. 1–20, 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17197164.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-47] E. Myung, “Environmental knowledge, attitudes, and willingness to pay for environmentally friendly meetings – An exploratory study,” J. Hosp. Tour. Manag., vol. 36, hal. 85–91, 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.jhtm.2017.03.004.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗