Influence Factors, Impact and Interventions for Speech Delay and Language Delay in Early Childhood : Systematic Review

Rizky Yuniarti Palipung; Sintia Paramita; Ni'matuzahroh

doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v12i07.gp03

Abstract

Speech delay occurs when a child is unable to produce words correctly or fluently. Whereas language delay occurs when the child has difficulty in understanding what others are saying or difficulty in conveying information and thoughts. Speech delay and language delay allow children to experience several adverse effects such as developmental delays, decreased cognitive, social and emotional abilities, and risk of having poor health status. The literature search used two databases, Scopus and Scholar. Only studies describing influencing factors and interventions on speech and language delay were included. The results of this systematic review suggest that factors influencing the occurrence of speech and language delay in children, generally occur due to the influence of family factors with a history of speech delay and language delay, and gender factors. As well as, interventions that parents and prospective parents can do to avoid the occurrence of speech and language delays in children include, among others, conducting early examinations or early stage early identification to assess child growth, increasing maternal knowledge related to child development education, involving children in reading and activities together, and it is advisable for mothers to conduct routine examinations during pregnancy.

Keywords

Speech delayLanguage delayInfluencing factorsImpactInterventionEarly childhood

References

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[refR-2] Almekaini, L. A., Zoubeidi, T., & Albustanji, Y. (2017). Screening for speech-language development in Emirati toddlers. J Psychol Cognition. 2017; 2 (1): 26-31. J Psychol Cognition 2017 Volume 2 Issue 1, 27, 1-5.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] Beitchman, J. H., Wilson, B., Brownlie, E. B., Walters, H., Inglis, A., & Lancee, W. (1996). Long-term consistency in speech/language profiles: II. Behavioral, emotional, and social outcomes. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 35(6), 815-825.Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-7] Debata, P., Kumar, J., & Mukhopadhyay, K. (2019). Screening for language delay between 6 months and 3 years of corrected age in very low birth weight children. Indian Pediatrics, 56, 481-484.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Gibbard, D., & Smith, C. (2016). A transagency approach to enabling access to parent-based intervention for language delay in areas of social disadvantage: A service evaluation. Child Language Teaching and Therapy, 32(1), 19-33.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Jullien, S. (2021). Screening for language and speech delay in children under five years. BMC pediatrics, 21(1), 1-7.]Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-13] Kumar, A., Zubair, M., Gulraiz, A., Kalla, S., Khan, S., Patel, S., ... & Qavi, M. S. S. (2022). An assessment of risk factors of delayed Speech and Language in children: A cross- sectional study. Cureus, 14(9).Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-15] Marshall, J., & Lewis, E. (2014). ‘It’s the way you talk to them.’The child’s environment: Early Years Practitioners’ perceptions of its influence on speech and language development, its assessment and environment targeted interventions. Child language teaching and therapy, 30(3), 337-352.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] McLaughlin, M. R. (2011). Speech and language delay in children. American familyphysician, 83(10), 1183-1188.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Maulana, M. S. (2020). RISK OF LANGUAGE DELAY IN TODDLERS WITHPROLONGED SCREEN TIME: EVIDENCE BASED CASE REPOR. JECIES: Journal of Early Childhood Islamic Education Study, 1(1), 34-48.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Muluk, N. B., Bayoğlu, B., & Anlar, B. (2016). A study of language development and affecting factors in children aged 5 to 27 months. Ear, Nose & Throat Journal, 95(1), 23-29.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] O'Hare, A., & Bremner, L. (2015). Management of developmental speech and language disorders: Part 1. Archives of disease in childhood, archdischild-2014.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Olson, K. B., Wilkinson, C. L., Wilkinson, M. J., Harris, J., & Whittle, A. (2016). Texts for talking: evaluation of a mobile health program addressing speech and language delay. Clinical pediatrics, 55(11), 1044-1049.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Otto, B. (2015). Perkembangan bahasa pada anak usia dini. Jakarta: Kencana.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-22] Saeed, H. T., Abdulaziz, B., & Al-Daboon, S. J. (2018). Prevalence and risk factors of primary speech and language delay in children less than seven years of age. J Community Med Health Educ, 8(2), 608.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-23] Salunkhe, S., Bharaswadkar, R., Patil, M., Agarkhedkar, S., Pande, V., & Mane, S. (2021). Influence of electronic media on speech and language delay in children. Medical Journal of Dr. DY Patil University, 14(6), 656-661.Google Scholar ↗

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