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Economics and Management
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Safety Compliance, Safety Training, Safety Competence, and Safety Supervision as Determinants of OHS Performance: The Mediating Role of Motivation in the Oil and Gas Industry

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DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v13i11.em03· Pages: 9930-9944· Vol. 13, No. 11, (2025)· Published: November 4, 2025
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Abstract

The presence of contractors with a occupational health and safety (OHS) culture differing from the main company at PT Kilang Pertamina Internasional (KPI) Refinery Unit VI Balongan presents challenges to consistently achieving safe work behavior, despite a relatively low occupational accident rate. This strategic national refinery operates under high activity levels and complex risk conditions, making effective occupational health and safety (OHS) management essential for operational continuity and corporate reputation. This study examines the effects of safety compliance, safety training, safety competence, and safety supervision on OHS performance, with employee motivation as a mediating factor. A quantitative survey was conducted among 150 contractor employees, and data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings reveal that safety supervisi has the strongest direct impact on OHS performance, while compliance, training, and supervision also contribute positively. Motivation serves as a significant mediator, demonstrating that both internal and external drives enable employees to translate organizational safety policies into consistent safe work practices. These results highlight the critical role of enhancing safety competence, implementing motivational strategies, and conducting interactive supervision to support effective OHS practices in workplaces with diverse safety cultures.

Keywords

safety compliancesafety trainingsafety competencesafety supervisionmotivationOHS performance 1

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Author details
Julius Pasaribu
Master of Management Study Program, Universitas Sahid
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Fauziah Eddyono
Master of Management Study Program, Universitas Sahid
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