Correlation the Distance of the Location Found With the Size and Dominant Index of Eel in East Nusa Tenggara Waters

Ade Yulita Hesti Lukas; Kiik Gretty Sine; Yuliana Salosso; Priyo Santoso

doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v10i9.fa01

Abstract

The existence of eels in a freshwater area is influenced by various factors, one of which is the availability of habitats that are suitable for the life of eels. East Nusa Tenggara Province is an archipelago that is mentioned as one of the distribution areas for eel in Indonesia. However, the type and size of eel is strongly influenced by the distance it finds. The farther the river is from the estuary, the larger the size of the eel and the different types. As eurihaline migratory fish, eels can swim far upstream to find a suitable habitat for their life. This study aims to analyze the relationship between location distance and the size and dominance index of eel in freshwater in East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This research was conducted from October to April. The results obtained are that the three rivers in East Nusa Tenggara province, namely the Tarus river in Kupang district, the Oetona river in Kupang city and the Kamaifui river in Alor district, managed to catch 71 eels at a fishing distance of 0.69 km to 7.86 km. from the mouth of the river. Based on the ano-dorsal analysis, two types of eel caught in the Tarus and Kamaifui rivers were identified, namely Anguilla marmorata and Anguilla nebulosa nebulosa, while in the Oetona river only A. marmorata was found. Based on the calculation of the dominance index, the most dominant species in fresh waters of NTT is A. marmorata.

Keywords

eelEast Nusa Tenggaradominance indexdistance from estuary

References

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Righton D, Westerberg H, Feunteun E, Okland F, Gargan P, Amilhat E, Metcafe J, Lobon-Cervia J, Sioberg N, Simon J, Acou A, Vedor M, Walker A, Trancart T, Bramick U, Aarestrup K. 2016. Empirical observation of the spawning migration of European eels: the long and dangerous road to the Sargasso sea. Science Advances 2(10). https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.1501694DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
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[refR-2] Arai T, Chino N. 2012. Diverse migration strategy between freshwater and seawater habitats in the freshwater eel genus Anguilla. Journal of Fish Biology 81(2): 442–455. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22803719/Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] Arai T. 2016. Taxonomy and Distribution. In: Arai T (ed) Biology and Ecology of Anguillid Eels CRC Press 1-20. Link: https://bit.ly/3lHk3lU .Google Scholar ↗

[refR-4] https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/b19925-3/taxonomy-distribution-takaomi-araiDOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-5] Arai T, Kadir SRA. 2017. Diversity, distribution and different habitat use among the tropical freshwater eels of genus Anguilla. Scientific Reports 7(1): 1–12. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-07837-x.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-6] Arai T, Chino N. 2018. Opportunistic migration and habitat use of the giant mottled eel Anguilla marmorata (Teleostei: Elopomorpha). Scientific Reports 8(1): 1–10. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324212378_Opportunistic_migration_and_habitat_use_of_the_giant_mottled_eel_Anguilla_marmorata_Teleostei_ElopomorphaGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-7] Arribas C, Ferna´ndez-Delgado C, Olivia-Paterna FJ, Drake P. 2012. Oceanic and local environmental conditions as forcing mechanisms of the glass eel recruitment to the southernmost European estuary. Estuar Coast Shelf S 107:45–57. https://digital.csic.es/bitstream/10261/55474/3/Arribas_et_al-postprint.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Bruce P, Bruce A. 2017. Practical statistics for data scientists. O’reilly Media Inc. http://www.sthda.com/english/articles/40-regression-analysis/167-simple-linear-regression-in-r/Google Scholar ↗

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[refR-10] Coˆte´ CL, Gagnaire PA, Bourret V, Verreault G, Castonguay M, Bernatchez L. 2013. Population genetics of the American eel (Anguilla rostrata): FST = 0 and North Atlantic Oscillation effects on demographic fluctuations of a panmictic species. Mol Ecol 22:1763–1776. https://www.academia.edu/12403139/Population_genetics_of_the_American_eel_Anguilla_rostrata_F_ST_0_and_North_Atlantic_Oscillation_effects_on_demographic_fluctuations_of_a_panmictic_speciesGoogle Scholar ↗

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[refR-12] Fahmi MR. 2015. Conservation genetics of tropical eel in Indonesian waters based on population genetic study. Research Institute for Ornamental Fish Culture. Proceeding of the National Seminar of the National Biodiversity Community 1(1):38-43. https://smujo.id/files/psnmbi/M0101/M010106.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-13] Gagnaire PA, Normandeau E, Coˆte C, Hansen MM, Bernatchez L. 2012. The genetic consequences of spatially varying selection in the Panmictic American Eel (Anguilla rostrata). Genetics 190:725–736. http://www2.bio.ulaval.ca/louisbernatchez/pdf/(253)%20Gagnaire_Genetics_12.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Hakim AA, Kamal MM, Butet NA, Affandi R. 2015. Species Composition of Freshwater Eels (Anguilla spp.) In Eight Rivers Flowing To Palabuhanratu Bay, Sukabumi, Indonesia. Jurnal Ilmu dan Teknologi Kelautan Tropis 7(2): 573-585. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/297076854_KOMPOSISI_SPESIES_IKAN_SIDAT_Anguilla_spp_DI_DELAPAN_SUNGAI_YANG_BERMUARA_KE_TELUK_PALABUHANRATU_SUKABUMI_INDONESIAGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Harrison AJ, Walker AM, Pinder AC, Briand C, Aprahamian MW. 2014. A review of glass eel migratory behaviour, sampling techniques and abundance estimates in estuaries: implications for assessing recruitment, local production and exploitation. Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries. DOI 10.1007/s11160-014-9356-8. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261947270_A_review_of_glass_eel_migratory_behaviour_sampling_techniques_and_abundance_estimates_in_estuaries_implications_for_assessing_recruitment_local_production_and_exploitationDOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-16] Hsy HY, Chen HW, Han YS. 2019. Habitat partitioning and its possible genetic background between two sumpatrically distributed eel spesies in Taiwan. Zoological studies. doi: 10.6620/ZS.2019.58-27. https://europepmc.org/article/pmc/pmc6917558DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Jalil J, Makkatenni M, Juhardi J. 2020. Diversity index, similarity index and dominance index of macrozoobenthos in Pangkajene River estuary, Pangkep Regency, Indonesia. Aquaculture, Aquarium, Conservation & Legislation (AACL) Bioflux 13(5): 2733-2737. http://www.bioflux.com.ro/docs/2020.2733-2737.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Jellyman DJ, Briand C. 2016. Early Life History and Recruitment. Biology and Ecology of Anguillid Eels. CRC Press. 116–150. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.1201/b19925-9/early-life-history-recruitment-donald-jellyman-c%C3%A9dric-briandDOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Leander NJ, Shen KN, Chen RT, Tzeng WN. 2012. Spesies composition and seasonal occurrence of recruiting glass eels (Anguilla spp). In the Hsiukuluan river, Eastern Taiwan.Zoologies Studies 51(1): 59-71. http://zoolstud.sinica.edu.tw/Journals/51.1/59.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Pike C, Crock V, Jacoby D, Gollock M. 2020. “Anguilla marmorata” IUCN Red List of threatened species. Doi: 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T166189A176493885.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/60344/152845178 .DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Podgorniak T, Angeline A, Blanchet S, de Oliveira E, Pierron F, Daverat F. 2015. Climbing experience in glass eels: A cognitive task or a matter of physical capacities?. Physiology and Behavior 151: 448-455. https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02601709/file/Podgorniak_2015.pdfGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-22] Righton D, Westerberg H, Feunteun E, Okland F, Gargan P, Amilhat E, Metcafe J, Lobon-Cervia J, Sioberg N, Simon J, Acou A, Vedor M, Walker A, Trancart T, Bramick U, Aarestrup K. 2016. Empirical observation of the spawning migration of European eels: the long and dangerous road to the Sargasso sea. Science Advances 2(10). https://www.science.org/doi/epdf/10.1126/sciadv.1501694DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗

[refR-23] Rudershausen PJ, Lee LM, Lombardo SM, Merrell JH, Buckel JA. 2019. Survival and habitat of yellow-phase American eels in North Carolina tidal creeks. Transaction of the American Fisheries Society. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335180673_Survival_and_Habitat_of_Yellow-Phase_American_Eels_in_North_Carolina_Tidal_CreeksGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-24] Sugianti Y, Putri MRA, Purnamaningtyas SE. 2020. Spesies ikan sidat (Anguilla Spp.) dan karakteristik habitat ruayanya di sungai Cikaso, Sukabumi, Jawa Barat. Limnotek: 27(1): 39–54. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342984546_Spesies_Ikan_Sidat_Anguilla_spp_dan_Karakteristik_Habitat_Ruayanya_di_Sungai_Cikaso_Sukabumi_Jawa_BaratGoogle Scholar ↗