ISSN (Online): 2321-3418
server-injected
Social Sciences and Humanities
Open Access

Nativization of Fear and Anxiety as Identity in Selected Fiction of East African Asians

DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v10i10.sh03· Pages: 1253-1262· Vol. 10, No. 10, (2022)· Published: October 27, 2022
PDF
Views: 508 PDF downloads: 364

Abstract

This paper explores the concept of fear and anxiety in the identity formation process among East African Asians as captured in their selected works of fiction. It analyses identity and belonging by examining how emotions of fear and anxiety are presented in the selected texts through characterization and imagery. Using Bahadur Tejani's Day After Tomorrow , Peter Nazareth's In a Brown Mantle, M.G Vassanji's The In-between World of Vikram Lall and Imam Verji's Who will Catch Us as We Fall? the paper analyzes the changing trends and images of fear and anxiety among East African Asians, that make their interaction with the native Africans almost impossible. This paper is therefore geared towards exploring how the complexity of contemporary race relations between the Asians of East Africa and the native African communities, which is driven by fear and anxiety, find expression through literary narratives. In this paper I employ psychoanalytic theory in engaging with the texts owing to the emotional issues of fear and anxiety that makes it focus on the fragmented image of the Asian world and explore the alienated individual consciousness such as the interstitial position that the East African Asians find themselves in. I conclude that fear and anxiety play a role in the process of identity formation among East African Asians in their quest for belonging in the region.

Keywords

AnxietyAsiancosmopolitanismEast Africafearidentitybelonging

References

  1. Anwer, M. (2017). After melancholia: A reappraisal of second-generation diasporicGoogle Scholar ↗
  2. subjectivity in the work of Jhumpa Lahiri. Ref. Journal of Postcolonial Writing. Retrieved on 21st April, http://www.tandfonline. com/doi/abs/10.1080/17449855.2017.1283727? journalCode=rjpw20.DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  3. Bahmanpour, B. (2010). Female Subjects and Negotiating Identities in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Interpreter of Maladies. Studies in Literature and Language, 1(6), 43-51. Retrieved 21 April 2017. www.cscanada.net/index.php/ sll/article/view/j.sll.1923156320100106.006.Google Scholar ↗
  4. Blixen, K. (1937). Out of Africa. London. Putnam.Google Scholar ↗
  5. Delphine M. & Mala P. (2018). Introduction: race relations and the South Asian diasporic imaginary, South Asian Diaspora, DOI: 10.1080/19438192.2018.1460925 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/19438192.2018.1460925DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  6. Freud, S. (1949). An Outline of Psychoanalysis. London. The Hogarth Press.Google Scholar ↗
  7. ……….. (1936). The ego and the mechanisms of defense W. 2 [→]. Freud, The Writings of Anna Freud, I–VIII, 2.Google Scholar ↗
  8. Goyal, S. (2017). The Saga of the Journey of Indian Diaspora. International Journal of English Language, Literature in Humanities, June Vol.5 Issue 6.Google Scholar ↗
  9. Hawley, J. C. (2008). Introduction: Unrecorded Lives. India in Africa, Africa in India: Indian Ocean Cosmopolitanisms. Bloomington-Indianapolis: Indiana UP.Google Scholar ↗
  10. Kahyana, D. (2014). Negotiating (Trans)national Identities in Ugandan Literature. StellenBosch University. (PhD Diss.)Google Scholar ↗
  11. Kapur-dromson, Neera. (2007). From Jhelum to Tana. New delhi: Penguin, Print.Google Scholar ↗
  12. Nowrojee, P. (2015). A Kenyan Journey. Nairobi. Transafrica Press.Google Scholar ↗
  13. Makokha, J.K.S (2014). Ethnic Identities and Gender Themes in Contemporary East African Literature. University of Berlin (PhD)Google Scholar ↗
  14. Malak, A. (1993). Ambivalent Affiliations and the Postcolonial Condition: The Fiction of M.G. Vassanji.”, World Literature Today 67(2): 277–282.Google Scholar ↗
  15. Malack, R. and Ondieki, I. (2017). “The Bombay of East Africa: Asian and African Relations in Kisumu.” Accessed March 6, 2018. http://macleki.org/stories/the-bombay-of-east-africa.Google Scholar ↗
  16. Mazrui, A. (1986). The Africans: A Triple Heritage. Radio Documentary Series.Google Scholar ↗
  17. Nazareth, P.(1972). In a Brown Mantle. Nairobi: Kenya Literature Bureau, Nairobi.Google Scholar ↗
  18. Ocita, J. (2013). Diasporic imaginaries: Memory and Negotiation of belonging in East African and South African Indian Narratives (PhD dissertation Stellenbosch University)Google Scholar ↗
  19. Ojwang, D. (2000). The Pleasures of Knowing: Images of ‘Africans’ in East African Asian Literature. English Studies in Africa, A Journal of the Humanities by Victor Houliston (Ed).Google Scholar ↗
  20. Oonk, G. (2017). Exploring Trajectories of Migration and Theory, Global Indian Diasporas, Amsterdam University Press.Google Scholar ↗
  21. Samanta, S. (2014). ‘Transplanted Individuals’: Anxiety of Dislocation in Jhumpa Lahiri’s Unaccustomed Earth, in The Creon: An International Journal in English.Google Scholar ↗
  22. Simatei P. Tirop (2011) Diasporic Memories and National Histories in East African Asian Writing, Research in African Literatures 42(3) 56-67Google Scholar ↗
  23. -----(2001). The Novel and the Politics of Nation Building in East Africa. Bayreuth: Bayreuth African Studies.Google Scholar ↗
  24. ----- (2000) Voyaging On the Mists of Memory: M. G. Vassanji and the Asian Quest/ion in East Africa. English Studies in Africa, A Journal of the Humanities by Victor Houliston (Ed).Google Scholar ↗
  25. Tejani, B. (1971). Day After Tomorrow, East African Literature Bureau, Nairobi.Google Scholar ↗
  26. The New York Times, 1972. August 29.Google Scholar ↗
  27. Vassanji, M. G. (2003). The In-between World of Vikram Lall. London: Heinemann.Google Scholar ↗
  28. Verji, I. (2016). Who Will Catch Us as We Fall? London. OneWorld Publications.Google Scholar ↗
Author details
Makhakha Joseph Wangila
Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology
✉ Corresponding Author
👤 View Profile →