The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) With the Motivation Method on Self Care Behavior of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Working Area of Bolo Public Health Center, Bima Regency

Ahmad Ahmad; Julhana Julhana; Indra Rahmat; Taufiqurrahman Taufiqurrahman; Dian Vitasari

doi:10.18535/ijsrm/v14i01.mp01

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a condition where there is an increase in blood glucose levels because the body cannot produce or produce insulin or the body cannot use insulin effectively. DM treatment is generally lifelong, including risk factor control, activity control, nutrition, and medication. DM requires long-term treatment, so it is necessary to take an approach by providing motivation to carry out good self-care behavior. One effort that can be done is through Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) with a motivational method, a continuous process carried out to facilitate the knowledge, skills, and abilities of DM sufferers to carry out self-care. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the effect of DSME with a motivational method on self-care behavior of diabetes mellitus patients. Method: This type of quasi-experimental study with one group pre-test and post-test. The sample of type 2 DM patients was 50 respondents using an accidental sampling technique. Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test, ap value of 0.000 (p <0.05) was obtained for the knowledge variable, ap value of 0.000 (p <0.05) for attitudes, and ap value of 0.000 (p <0.05) for behavior. These results indicate a significant effect of diabetes self-management education (DSME) using motivational methods on improving knowledge, attitudes, and behavior. It can be concluded that diabetes self-management education (DSME) using motivational methods has an effect on knowledge, attitudes, and behavior.

Keywords

DSMEMotivationSelf Care BehaviorDiabetes Mellitus

References

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American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care. Diabetes Care. 2021;1(January):211–20.Google Scholar ↗
IDF. 183 Million People Unaware They Have Diabetes.Google Scholar ↗
Non-Communicable Diseases, Mental Health, and Drugs Section of the National Disaster Management Agency (DKPN). Coverage of Health Services for Diabetes Mellitus Patients in NTB Province in 2021. Health Services for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Patients in NTB Province. 2023.Google Scholar ↗
Kurniawati T, Huriah T, Primanda Y. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Management in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat. 2021;12(2):588–94.Google Scholar ↗
Haskas Y, Rizkiani I, Restika I. Literature Review: Evaluation of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Method in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nurs Arts. 2021;14(2):127–41.Google Scholar ↗
Siska Yulia Hananto1*, Suci Tuti Putri2 APWP. Case Study: Management of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Community Nurses. 2022;20(4):128–37.Google Scholar ↗
Kumala Sari Pespita Dewi Wahyuni, Setiasih LA. THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION ON SELF CARE BEHAVIORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AT UBAYA DIABETES HOME. J Wiyata. 2021;8:2.Google Scholar ↗
Habibah U, Ezdha AUA, Harmaini F, Fitri DE. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) with Audiovisual Methods on Self Care Behavior of Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Heal Care J Kesehat. 2019;8(2):23–8.Google Scholar ↗
Aminah S, Amelia KR, Rianto B, Safitri VD. The Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Using Booklet Media on Diet Compliance of Type 2 DM Patients at the South Cimahi Community Health Center. Malahayati Nurs J. 2022;5(2):432–42.Google Scholar ↗
Luh N, Inca P, Agustini B, Megayanti SD, Ayu I, Pangruating N. Audiovisual Education of Diabetes Self Management Education for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Sumerta Village, East Denpasar. 2025;4(2):201–6.Google Scholar ↗
Diana. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE, GENDER, AND DURATION OF DIABETES WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY (Relationship Between Age, Gender, and Duration of Diabetes Patients With the Incidence of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy). Caring Nurs. 2019;3(2):31–37.Google Scholar ↗
Fahardianto F, Rosyid FN. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Malahayati Nurs J. 2023;5(12):4132–42.Google Scholar ↗
Imelda SI. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus at Harapan Raya Community Health Center. Sci J. 2019;8(1):28–39.Google Scholar ↗
Sari SW, Ulfiana E, Fauziningtyas R. Analysis of Factors Related to Self-Care in Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes. J Community Nursing [Internet]. 2020;5(1):48. Available from: http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJCHNGoogle Scholar ↗
Simon MG. The Relationship Between Family Support and Motivation of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Controlling Blood Sugar Levels of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Work Area of the Ruteng City Community Health Center, Manggarai. J Health. 2020;8(1):14–24.Google Scholar ↗
Mustika Rahmadanti, Noor Diani A. Motivation and Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Nursing and Health. 2020;8(1):87–92.Google Scholar ↗
Notoatmodjo S. Health Education and Behavior. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta; 2010.Google Scholar ↗
Mamangkey. The Relationship between Education Level and Family History of Type 2 DM in Outpatients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of BLU Prof. Dr. RD Kandou General Hospital Manado. J Kesehat Manad Univ Sam Ratulangi. 2014;Google Scholar ↗
Purba CI. Patient Experience of Non-Compliance with Diabetes Mellitus Management (Phenogenetic Study in the Context of Nursing Care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta). University of Indonesia. Jakarta; 2008.Google Scholar ↗
Restuning D. Education in Improving the Effectiveness of Compliance with Diet Settings in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Med Pearls [Internet]. 2015;15(1):37–41. Available from: https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm/article/view/2492/2556Google Scholar ↗
De la Rosa, LA, Moreno-Escamilla, J.O., Rodrigo-García, J., AlvarezParrilla E. Phenolic compounds, Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables. Elsevier Inc. 2019;Google Scholar ↗
Febriana D. The Relationship Between Long-Term Suffering and Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the Patrang Community Health Center Work Area [Internet]. Dr. Soebandi University; 2022. Available from: http://repository.stikesdrsoebandi.ac.id/id/eprint/460Google Scholar ↗
PERKENI. Guidelines and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia [Internet]. PERKENI; 2022. Available from: www.Ginasthma.OrgGoogle Scholar ↗
Nurhayati, C. and Sari NA. The Relationship between the Level of Knowledge of Hypoglycemia and the Ability to Detect Hypoglycemia in Type 2 DM Patients. 2020;2(1).Google Scholar ↗
Saini S et al. The Effect of Providing Education About Diabetes Management on the Level of Knowledge and Attitude of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nursing Media, Makassar Health Polytechnic. 2020;11(2):95.Google Scholar ↗
Redho, A. and Septinawati Y. The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Actions for Diabetic Foot Ulcers in the Working Area of the Air Molek Community Health Center Uptd. Al-Asalmiya Nurs J Nursing Science (Journal Nurs Sci. 2023;12(2):203–215.Google Scholar ↗
Kurniawati, T., Huriah, T., & Primanda Y. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Management in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat. 2021;12(2):588–94.Google Scholar ↗
Robert M Anderson 1 MMF. Patient empowerment: reflections on the challenge of fostering the adoption of a new paradigm. Natl Institutes Heal [Internet]. 2005;57(2):153–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15911187/Google Scholar ↗
Basri M, Rahmatiah S, Andayani DS, KB, Dilla R. Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Self-Care Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat Sandi Husada. 2021;10(2):695–703.Google Scholar ↗
Dewi N. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) for Enhancing Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review. 2025;(18).Google Scholar ↗
Wahyuni S, Pujiastutik YE, Prasetyowati CD. Self-Care Management Education to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes of People with Diabetes Mellitus. J Community Engagement Empower [Internet]. 2025;7(1):1–5. Available from: http://ojs.iik.ac.id/index.php/JCEEGoogle Scholar ↗
Nurjannah A. The Influence of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. E-Journal Pustaka Kesehat. 2022;6(1):133–140.Google Scholar ↗
D S. Audio Visual Media. Jakarta: EGC; 2008.Google Scholar ↗
Astuti RK. The Influence of Family-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on Increasing Knowledge and Attitudes in Blood Glucose Control. Indonesian Health Promotion Publ Media. 2024;7(2):408–13.Google Scholar ↗
Salahudin R, Amelia A. The relationship between self-care management and quality of life of diabetes mellitus sufferers in Cisantana Village, Cigugur District, Kuningan Regency. J Nurs Pract Educ. 2024;4(2):375–82.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-1] Fain.JA Medical-Surgical Nursing, Clinical Management Expected Outcomes. 8th ed. Singapore: Sauders Elsevier; 2014.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-2] American Diabetes Association. Diabetes Care in the Hospital: Standards of Medical Care. Diabetes Care. 2021;1(January):211–20.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-3] IDF. 183 Million People Unaware They Have Diabetes.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-4] Non-Communicable Diseases, Mental Health, and Drugs Section of the National Disaster Management Agency (DKPN). Coverage of Health Services for Diabetes Mellitus Patients in NTB Province in 2021. Health Services for Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Patients in NTB Province. 2023.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-5] Kurniawati T, Huriah T, Primanda Y. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Management in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat. 2021;12(2):588–94.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-6] Haskas Y, Rizkiani I, Restika I. Literature Review: Evaluation of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) Method in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nurs Arts. 2021;14(2):127–41.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-7] Siska Yulia Hananto1*, Suci Tuti Putri2 APWP. Case Study: Management of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Blood Glucose Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Journal of Community Nurses. 2022;20(4):128–37.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-8] Kumala Sari Pespita Dewi Wahyuni, Setiasih LA. THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION ON SELF CARE BEHAVIORS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS PATIENTS AT UBAYA DIABETES HOME. J Wiyata. 2021;8:2.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-9] Habibah U, Ezdha AUA, Harmaini F, Fitri DE. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) with Audiovisual Methods on Self Care Behavior of Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Heal Care J Kesehat. 2019;8(2):23–8.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-10] Aminah S, Amelia KR, Rianto B, Safitri VD. The Effect of Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) Using Booklet Media on Diet Compliance of Type 2 DM Patients at the South Cimahi Community Health Center. Malahayati Nurs J. 2022;5(2):432–42.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-11] Luh N, Inca P, Agustini B, Megayanti SD, Ayu I, Pangruating N. Audiovisual Education of Diabetes Self Management Education for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Sumerta Village, East Denpasar. 2025;4(2):201–6.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-12] Diana. RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN AGE, GENDER, AND DURATION OF DIABETES WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DIABETIC PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY (Relationship Between Age, Gender, and Duration of Diabetes Patients With the Incidence of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy). Caring Nurs. 2019;3(2):31–37.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-13] Fahardianto F, Rosyid FN. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Care of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Malahayati Nurs J. 2023;5(12):4132–42.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-14] Imelda SI. Factors Influencing the Occurrence of Diabetes Mellitus at Harapan Raya Community Health Center. Sci J. 2019;8(1):28–39.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-15] Sari SW, Ulfiana E, Fauziningtyas R. Analysis of Factors Related to Self-Care in Elderly Residents in Nursing Homes. J Community Nursing [Internet]. 2020;5(1):48. Available from: http://e-journal.unair.ac.id/IJCHNGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-16] Simon MG. The Relationship Between Family Support and Motivation of Diabetes Mellitus Patients in Controlling Blood Sugar Levels of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients in the Work Area of the Ruteng City Community Health Center, Manggarai. J Health. 2020;8(1):14–24.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-17] Mustika Rahmadanti, Noor Diani A. Motivation and Self-Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Nursing and Health. 2020;8(1):87–92.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-18] Notoatmodjo S. Health Education and Behavior. Jakarta: PT Rineka Cipta; 2010.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-19] Mamangkey. The Relationship between Education Level and Family History of Type 2 DM in Outpatients at the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of BLU Prof. Dr. RD Kandou General Hospital Manado. J Kesehat Manad Univ Sam Ratulangi. 2014;Google Scholar ↗

[refR-20] Purba CI. Patient Experience of Non-Compliance with Diabetes Mellitus Management (Phenogenetic Study in the Context of Nursing Care at Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta). University of Indonesia. Jakarta; 2008.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-21] Restuning D. Education in Improving the Effectiveness of Compliance with Diet Settings in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Med Pearls [Internet]. 2015;15(1):37–41. Available from: https://journal.umy.ac.id/index.php/mm/article/view/2492/2556Google Scholar ↗

[refR-22] De la Rosa, LA, Moreno-Escamilla, J.O., Rodrigo-García, J., AlvarezParrilla E. Phenolic compounds, Postharvest Physiology and Biochemistry of Fruits and Vegetables. Elsevier Inc. 2019;Google Scholar ↗

[refR-23] Febriana D. The Relationship Between Long-Term Suffering and Self-Management in Type 2 Diabetes Patients in the Patrang Community Health Center Work Area [Internet]. Dr. Soebandi University; 2022. Available from: http://repository.stikesdrsoebandi.ac.id/id/eprint/460Google Scholar ↗

[refR-24] PERKENI. Guidelines and Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Indonesia [Internet]. PERKENI; 2022. Available from: www.Ginasthma.OrgGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-25] Nurhayati, C. and Sari NA. The Relationship between the Level of Knowledge of Hypoglycemia and the Ability to Detect Hypoglycemia in Type 2 DM Patients. 2020;2(1).Google Scholar ↗

[refR-26] Saini S et al. The Effect of Providing Education About Diabetes Management on the Level of Knowledge and Attitude of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. Nursing Media, Makassar Health Polytechnic. 2020;11(2):95.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-27] Redho, A. and Septinawati Y. The Effect of Health Education on Knowledge, Attitudes, and Preventive Actions for Diabetic Foot Ulcers in the Working Area of the Air Molek Community Health Center Uptd. Al-Asalmiya Nurs J Nursing Science (Journal Nurs Sci. 2023;12(2):203–215.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-28] Kurniawati, T., Huriah, T., & Primanda Y. The Effect of Diabetes Self Management Education (DSME) on Self Management in Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat. 2021;12(2):588–94.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-29] Robert M Anderson 1 MMF. Patient empowerment: reflections on the challenge of fostering the adoption of a new paradigm. Natl Institutes Heal [Internet]. 2005;57(2):153–7. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15911187/Google Scholar ↗

[refR-30] Basri M, Rahmatiah S, Andayani DS, KB, Dilla R. Motivation and Self-Efficacy in Self-Care Management in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients. J Ilm Kesehat Sandi Husada. 2021;10(2):695–703.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-31] Dewi N. Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) for Enhancing Knowledge and Self-Care Behaviors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review. 2025;(18).Google Scholar ↗

[refR-32] Wahyuni S, Pujiastutik YE, Prasetyowati CD. Self-Care Management Education to Improve Knowledge and Attitudes of People with Diabetes Mellitus. J Community Engagement Empower [Internet]. 2025;7(1):1–5. Available from: http://ojs.iik.ac.id/index.php/JCEEGoogle Scholar ↗

[refR-33] Nurjannah A. The Influence of Diabetes Self-Management Education and Support. E-Journal Pustaka Kesehat. 2022;6(1):133–140.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-34] D S. Audio Visual Media. Jakarta: EGC; 2008.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-35] Astuti RK. The Influence of Family-Based Diabetes Self-Management Education (DSME) on Increasing Knowledge and Attitudes in Blood Glucose Control. Indonesian Health Promotion Publ Media. 2024;7(2):408–13.Google Scholar ↗

[refR-36] Salahudin R, Amelia A. The relationship between self-care management and quality of life of diabetes mellitus sufferers in Cisantana Village, Cigugur District, Kuningan Regency. J Nurs Pract Educ. 2024;4(2):375–82.Google Scholar ↗