ISSN (Online): 2321-3418
server-injected
Economics and Management
Open Access

Institutional Model of Merah Putih Village Cooperatives: SWOT Study and Prototype in Gorontalo Regency

, ,
DOI: 10.18535/ijsrm/v14i01.em05· Pages: 10223-10249· Vol. 14, No. 01, (2026)· Published: January 13, 2026
PDF
Views: 817 PDF downloads: 626

Abstract

This study aims to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of cooperatives and to design an institutional strengthening model, particularly in the management of the Red and White Village Cooperative (KDMP) funds, that can balance macro policy demands with the capacity and participation of local communities in Gorontalo Regency. A mixed methods approach was used, involving multi-stakeholder focus groups (FGDs) and a questionnaire survey of 61 KDMPs, analyzed using the IFE–EFE Matrix and SWOT Quadrant. The results indicate that KDMP is in a progressive position, with key strengths being support from the government, community, and HIMBARA, along with the potential for businesses based on basic village needs. Weaknesses include governance, human resource capacity, facilities, and cooperative literacy. Significant opportunities lie in its location, government support, HIMBARA (Indonesian Association of Cooperatives), and strong local market. The main threats are business competition, the risk of politicization, credit reputation issues, and dependence on Village Funds. This research offers novelty through the development of the PAKSI (Integrated Cooperative Accountability Reporting) Model and the management flow of KDMP and HIMBARA partnership funds as a prototype institutional model that integrates the principles of cooperative identity, accountable governance, internal control, reporting channels, and human resource development. The primary contribution of this research is an operational and auditable institutional framework for the sustainable strengthening of village cooperatives.

Keywords

Red and White Village CooperativeSWOTinstitutional strengtheningcooperative governancePAKSI

References

  1. Aminullah, A. (2025). Analysis of the Implementation of the Merah Putih Village Cooperative From a Political Economy Perspective. Journal of Economic Management and Entrepreneurship, 3(2), 91–98. https://doi.org/10.61502/jemes.v3.i2.132DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  2. Ardini, L., & Uswati Dewi, N. H. (2016). Understanding Budget Reality in The Perspective of Symbolic Interactionism. International Research Journal of Business Studies, 9(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.21632/irjbs.9.2.105-118DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  3. Ardini, N., Widowati, S. N., Deangelica, P. S., Anggun, K., & Zahira, A. A. (2024). Analisis Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Anggota Melalui Modelkoperasi Multipihak. Han, 1(11), 91–96. https://doi.org/10.62504/nexus995DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  4. Fielding, N. (2012). Triangulation and Mixed Methods Designs. Journal of Mixed Methods Research, 6(2), 124–136. https://doi.org/10.1177/1558689812437101DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  5. Gulo, Y., & Destriana, N. (2018). Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Pedesaan Berbasis Partisipasi Warga Menuju Peningkatan Dan Kemandirian Pengelolaan Ekonomi Di Desa Parakanlima, Cirinten, Lebak-Banten. Sakai Sambayan Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 2(3), 118. https://doi.org/10.23960/jss.v2i3.120DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  6. Hilda, H. H. S., Munazih, M., & Kunarti, S. (2025). Tinjauan Hukum Administrasi Negara Terhadap Pembentukan Koperasi Desa Merah Putih Melalui Instruksi Presiden. Jurnal Usm Law Review, 8(2), 901–922. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v8i2.12031DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  7. Hulu, Y., Harahap, R. H., & Nasutian, M. A. (2018). Pengelolaan Dana Desa Dalam Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa. Jupiis Jurnal Pendidikan Ilmu-Ilmu Sosial, 10(1), 146. https://doi.org/10.24114/jupiis.v10i1.9974DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  8. Idawati, I. A. A., & Pratama, I. G. S. (2020). Pengaruh Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Dan Keberlangsungan UMKM Di Kota Denpasar. Warmadewa Management and Business Journal (Wmbj), 2(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22225/wmbj.2.1.1644.1-9DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  9. Meira, D., Bandeira, A. M., & Santos, M. (2022). Accountability and Transparency in Cooperatives: A Comparative Analysis Between Portugal and Germany. Revesco Revista De Estudios Cooperativos, 142, e83721. https://doi.org/10.5209/reve.83721DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  10. Mrabti, L., & Alaoui, Z. B. (2024). Balancing Qualitative and Quantitative Research Methods. 87–118. https://doi.org/10.4018/979-8-3693-8689-7.ch004DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  11. Mufid, M., & Ardianti, A. D. (2025). Pendampingan Kelembagaan Koperasi Desa Merah Putih Untuk Penguatan Usaha Simpan Pinjam Di Desa Sranak. Journal of Research Applications in Community Service, 4(3), 101–108. https://doi.org/10.32665/jarcoms.v4i3.5553DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  12. Nosulenko, V. (2021). Integration Issues of Qualitative and Quantitative Methods in Psychological Research. Experimental Psychology (Russia), 14(3), 4–16. https://doi.org/10.17759/exppsy.2021140301DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  13. Nurak, F., Sihwahjoeni, & Apriyanto, G. (2021). The Phenomenon of Accounting in the Management of the Village Fund Allocation: A case Study of Indonesia. International Journal of Research in Social Science and Humanities, 02(03), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.47505/ijrss.2021.9184DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  14. Oranga, J. (2025). Mixed Methods Research: Merits, Applications and Challenges. International Journal of Social Science, 5(2), 233–238. https://doi.org/10.53625/ijss.v5i2.11034DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  15. Paradero, A. L., Te, D. M., & Casinillo, L. F. (2022). On Determinants of Cooperatives’ Perceived Effectiveness in Terms of Financial and Social Performance. Philippine Social Science Journal, 5(1), 116–127. https://doi.org/10.52006/main.v5i1.492DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  16. Pesci, C., Candio, P., Fornaciari, L., & Marchini, P. L. (2024). A Matter of Identity? Youth Participation in Cooperatives’ Governance for a Sustainable Future. Business Strategy and the Environment, 34(1), 187–202. https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.3986DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  17. Rufaidah, E. (2017). Pemberdayaan Perekonomian Masyarakat Melalui Koperasi Unit Desa Berbasis Usaha Terbimbing. Akademika Jurnal Pemikiran Islam, 22(2), 361–374. https://doi.org/10.32332/akademika.v22i2.824DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  18. Sacchetti, S., & Tortia, E. (2015). The Extended Governance of Cooperative Firms: Inter-Firm Coordination and Consistency of Values. Annals of Public and Cooperative Economics, 87(1), 93–116. https://doi.org/10.1111/apce.12058DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  19. Saputri, A. R., Subandriyo, & Hardiyan, M. I. (2025). Koperasi Desa Merah Putih Dalam Perspektif Pembangunan Desa Dan Tata Kelola Pemerintahan. Journal of Society Bridge, 3(2), 95–106. https://doi.org/10.59012/jsb.v3i2.83DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  20. Saraswati, Y. (2024). Pemanfaatan Dana Desa Dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Desa Di Desa Sumberejo, Kabupaten Wonogiri. Jurnal Intervensi Sosial Dan Pembangunan (Jisp). https://doi.org/10.30596/jisp.v5i1.16000DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  21. Sihwahjoeni, S., Marija, M., & Apriyanto, G. (2021). Pengaruh Financial Capital, Dan Literasi Keuangan Terhadap Kinerja Usaha Kecil Dan Menengah (UKM) Di Kota Malang. Jurnal Akuntansi Dan Perpajakan, 7(1). https://doi.org/10.26905/ap.v7i1.5464DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  22. Silva, F. F. d., Baggio, D. K., & Santos, D. F. L. (2022). Governance and Performance Model for Agricultural Cooperatives. Estudios Gerenciales, 464–478. https://doi.org/10.18046/j.estger.2022.165.5238DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  23. Syabrinildi, S. (2024). Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Melalui Kemitraan Koperasi Dan Usaha Mikro: Sebuah Studi Pada Sektor Pertanian. Innovative Journal of Social Science Research, 4(3), 10822–10835. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v4i3.10334DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  24. Tripathy, K. K., Paliwal, M., & Nistala, N. (2021). Good Governance Practices and Competitiveness in Cooperatives: An Analytical Study of Kerala Primary Agricultural Credit Societies. International Journal of Global Business and Competitiveness, 16(2), 153–161. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42943-021-00020-0DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
  25. Yushita, A. N. (2017). Pentingnya Literasi Keuangan Bagi Pengelolaan Keuangan Pribadi. Nominal Barometer Riset Akuntansi Dan Manajemen, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.21831/nominal.v6i1.14330DOI ↗Google Scholar ↗
Author details
Wiwin Koni
1 and 2 Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Sultan Amai State Islamic Institute, 3 Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University
✉ Corresponding Author
👤 View Profile →
Sofhian Sofhian
1 and 2 Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Sultan Amai State Islamic Institute, 3 Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University
👤 View Profile →🔗 Is this you? Claim this publication
Niswatin Niswatin
1 and 2 Faculty of Islamic Economics and Business, Sultan Amai State Islamic Institute, 3 Faculty of Economics and Business, Gorontalo State University
👤 View Profile →🔗 Is this you? Claim this publication